Répondre :
The diagram depicts a primary cell, or battery, used in the process of purifying copper from impure copper. Here's an explanation of the components and their roles:
Negative Electrode (Cathode) - A: This is where the reduction reaction occurs. In this case, during the purification of copper, copper ions in the solution gain electrons and deposit as pure copper metal on the cathode.
Positive Electrode (Anode) - B: This is where the oxidation reaction occurs. In this process, copper atoms at the anode lose electrons and go into the solution as copper ions, thereby dissolving into the solution.
Power Supply: The power supply provides the necessary electrical energy to drive the oxidation and reduction reactions at the anode and cathode, respectively. It ensures a continuous flow of electrons from the anode to the cathode through the external circuit.
Copper(II) Sulphate Solution: This solution acts as an electrolyte, facilitating the movement of ions between the anode and cathode. It contains copper ions (Cu²⁺) and sulphate ions (SO₄²⁻), which allow for the transfer of charge during the redox reactions.
During operation, as the battery operates, the impure copper is connected to the cathode (negative electrode), and the anode (positive electrode) is made of a more pure form of copper. When the battery is connected, copper ions from the impure copper dissolve into the solution at the anode, while pure copper ions from the solution deposit onto the cathode, resulting in the purification of copper. This process continues until the impure copper is fully dissolved, leaving behind purified copper at the cathode.