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1. The transformation described is known as the freezing or solidification of water.
2. In this transformation, the water releases energy. When water freezes, it undergoes a phase change from liquid to solid. This process releases latent heat, which is the energy that was originally absorbed by the water during its melting process. When water melts, it absorbs energy from the surroundings to overcome the intermolecular forces holding its molecules together. Conversely, when water freezes, it releases this stored energy back into the surroundings as heat. Therefore, the freezing process is exothermic, meaning it releases energy to its surroundings.